2020年山东自考综合英语（二）重点语法：​非谓语动词

非谓语动词

分词

考点分析：

现在分词作表语时多表示主语所具有的特征，意为“令人…”，主语多为“事物”;过去分词作表语时多表示主语的状态，所以，一般而言，主语是“人”，表示“感到…”

现在分词与过去分词做定语的区别：

时态角度：the changing world & the changed world

语态角度：the oppressed class & the oppressing class

分词的位置：

单个分词作定语一般放在所修饰的名词前;也可放在名词后，其作用

是强调分词的动作性，但一般仅限于过去分词，如

the aspects concerned,

the authority involved

请牢记现在分词和过去分词的完成式形式： 现在分词doing 的完成式是：having done

Having finished his homework, he decided to read newspapers.

过去分词 done的完成式是 having been done

Having been done very carefully, his homework was praised by the teacher.

分词的特殊形式

分词的复合结构，即分词的独立结构。

当分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，分

词必须带上自己的主语，称为独立结构，可以

表示原因，时间，伴随等。

1. n. + 分词短语

A. (time) The dark clouds having

dispersed, the sun shone again.

B. (reason) The monitor being ill, we’d better wait for her.

C. (condition) Weather permitting, we’ll visit the Forbidden City.

D. (accompanying) He guiding the blind man, they slowly went across the street.

E. Homework finished, we went home.

F. All our savings gone, we started looking for a job.

2. With + n. + 分词短语 /adj. / adv/prep…

With Mr. Li taking the lead, the group accused its company of delaying their salary.

B. With the most pop television network in his hand, the man have his products advertised at the golden time for an hour.

C. With airline rules more strictly made, airline companies have to take more safety measures to ensure the passengers’ security.