2022 年 10 月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语（二）  

注意事项： 1.本试卷共 8 页，满分 100 分，考试时间 150 分钟。 

2.考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。 

3.必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。

第一部分：阅读判断（第 1~10 题，每题 1 分，共 10 分）

下面的短文后列出了 10 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择 A； 如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择 C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 Lacking in Self-Esteem(自尊)?Good for You! According to psychological and educational theories, self-esteem is essential for a successful life. Generations of children, especially minority kids, have been educated according to the theory that they lack self-esteem, and that this deficiency is central to any problems they may have in making their way in the world. Well, guess what?A new research has found that self-esteem can be just as high among grade D students and drunk drivers as it is among Nobel Prize winners and former presidents. In fact, people with high self-esteem can engage in far more anti-social behavior than those with low self-esteem. “We used to believe that high self-esteem would cause all sorts of positive consequences and that if we raised self-esteem, people would do better in life,”a researcher said.“Mostly, the data have failed to support that.”Racists, street thugs(恶棍)and school bullies(恶霸)all have high scores on the self-esteem tests. And you can see why. If you think you’re highly gifted, you’re particularly offended if other people don’t treat you that way. So you hit out or commit crimes to defend your pride. After all, who are they to suggest that you could be doing something wrong? What do they know? Self-esteem can also be an educational concern. College teachers are constantly complaining about the high self-esteem of their students. When every grade in the school is assessed so as to make the kid feel good rather than to give an accurate measure of his work, the kid can develop self-esteem dangerously unrelated to the truth.When he’s told he is getting a C grade in college, he can then get deeply offended or extremely angry. Weak professors give in to the pressure—hence, grade inflation, which results in their students’ vague touch with reality. 1.It is believed that minority kids often have self-esteem problems. A.True B.False C.Not Given 2.A new research shows that high self-esteem is essential to success. A.True B.False C.Not Given 3.Parents are responsible for their children’s self-esteem. A.True B.False C.Not Given 4.Anti-social behavior is related to low self-esteem. A.True B.False C.Not Given 5. Racists have low self-esteem. A.True B.False C.Not Given 6.People with high self-esteem are hurt more easily. A.True B.False C.Not Given 7.College students are faced with high economic pressure.

A.True B.False C.Not Given 8.College teachers are often annoyed with students’ high self-esteem. A.True B.False C.Not Given 9.High grades help students know the truth of themselves. A.True B.False C.Not Given 10.Some college students may find a C grade offending. A.True B.False C.Not Given 

第二部分：阅读选择（第 11~15 题，每题 2 分，共 10 分） 阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的 4 个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出 1 个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将 该项涂黑。 Organic Farming During thousands of years of human civilization, the raising of animals and growing of plants have always been organic. Chemicals for farming first came up at the turn of the 20th century. Widespread use of chemicals began after World War II. In the 1950s and 60s farmers started using chemical fertilizers and pesticides(杀虫剂). Recently, however, more and more farmers have been returning to organic farming. In organic farming, farm products are produced in more natural ways. Crops, meat and other food are produced without chemicals. Chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and growth hormones(激素)are forbidden. Farmers enrich the soil with natural fertilizers. They pull out weeds by hand. Hay and straw are put between the rows of plants to stop weeding. They rely on the natural enemies of pests to control pests. Animals are fed organically and can eat grass outdoors. Cows, for example, are kept in pastures(草场)and fields. Vegetables and fruit are also produced with organic methods. Organic farming enjoys many advantages. For example, crop rotation can preserve the good qualities of soils. The growing of different crops can keep soils healthy and fertile. Organic farming is healthier for farm workers, and there are fewer remains of chemicals in food. In the long term, organic farms save energy and protect the environment. It can slow down global warming and reduce the pollution of ground water. Meanwhile, there are some disadvantages. Organic food is more expensive. Organic products may cost up to 40% more. Production costs are higher as farmers need more workers, and the land output is much less. Marketing and distribution is not efficient because organic food is produced in smaller amounts. Crop illness may happen very often. Besides, organic farming cannot produce enough food for the world’s population to survive. This could lead to starvation in countries that can produce enough food today. 11.Organic farming . A.started in the 1950s B.had a short history C.has become popular in recent years D.was promoted by World War II 12.In organic farming, . A.cows can move around in fields B.natural enemies of pests are scarce C.chemicals are used to kill pests D.machines are used to pull out weeds 13.The phrase “crop rotation”(Para. 3) probably means “ .” A.growing high-yielding crops B.seasonal growing of crops C.planting soil-enriching crops D.regular changing of crops 14.One advantage of organic farming is that it is . A.water-saving B.labor-saving C.market-friendly D.environment-friendly 15.The problem of organic farming is . A.poor qualities of soils B.high production costs C.the use of too much land D.the shortage of farm workers

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